RCR新文：澳大利亚外卖食品包装产业的温室气体排放
原文链接：https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921344920306145
文章导读： 随着消费者需求、生活方式的改变以及技术的进步，食品服务行业在过去40年中发生了翻天覆地的变化。其中之一就是网上送餐服务，即外卖。在澳大利亚，外卖使用人口占比已高达30%，活跃用户有730万人左右。包括食品外卖等所有快递业务，都需要包装来保护产品。食品供应链是全球各大环境问题的主要贡献者。生产包装需要消耗大量自然资源，其中2/3用于食品行业。生命周期评价可用于量化与包装生产和处理相关的环境影响。食品包装易被食品污染，难以回收且常被土地填埋、焚烧或非法倾倒。消费者行为是了解食品供应链环境影响的重要考虑因素。目前在对包装及其废弃物的管理行为中尚缺乏环境意识。故本研究主要关注外卖食品包装在生产和处理过程中温室气体的排放情况。
文章亮点：
1. 回收再利用食品包装对温室气体减排效果影响不大；
2. 消费者选择不使用包装材料有利于温室气体减排。
原文摘要：
由于线上零售业和手机使用频率的增加，网上送餐逐渐在餐饮服务中兴起。随着网上送餐服务在全世界越来越受欢迎，外卖食品包装的使用量及其在生产和处理过程中产生的环境影响也在逐渐增加。目前针对包装的环境影响有一些研究，但针对外卖食品包装对环境的影响鲜有研究，尤其是温室气体的排放方面。本研究使用包装影响快速评估工具，对外卖食品包装温室气体排放量进行了量化。关于澳大利亚各大菜系外卖食品包装的数据收集自各大餐厅。结果表明针对每一个订单，与包装相关的温室气体排放量变化范围为0.15kg ~ 0.29kg CO2e，主要与包装种类有关。其中，包装原材料的生产贡献至少50%。随着网上送餐行业的不断扩大，预计到2024年，澳大利亚与外卖食品包装有关的温室气体年排放量将增长132%。本文对澳大利亚与外卖食品包装生产和处理相关的温室气体排放影响开展了初步研究，弥补了对该领域认识的不足，并对全球新兴网上送餐服务温室气体排放影响有借鉴意义。
ABSTRACT
The food service industry has seen the advent of online food delivery services (OFDS) due to the development of online retailing and a rise in mobile phone usage. OFDS are growing in popularity around the world and are increasing the use of take-away food packaging and the subsequent environmental implications from its production and disposal. While a large number of studies have considered packaging-related environmental effects, there has been limited focus on the effect of OFDS-related packaging demand on the environment, particularly in relation to greenhouse gas emissions. This study quantifies the packaging-related greenhouse gas emissions associated with OFDS orders. Data on food packaging for a range of the most popular cuisines delivered by OFDS in Australia were collected from restaurants. The assessment was performed using the Packaging Impact Quick Evaluation Tool, which showed that the packaging-related greenhouse gas emissions for a single order ranges from 0.15 to 0.29 kg CO2e, depending on packaging type. Of this, production of packaging raw materials contributes at least 50%. With the expansion of the OFDS sector, the annual greenhouse gas emissions associated with OFDS food packaging in Australia is predicted to grow by 132% by 2024. This preliminary examination of the greenhouse gas emissions implications of food packaging production and disposal associated with the Australian OFDS industry adds to the limited knowledge in this area and provides valuable insights into the greenhouse gas emissions implications of the emerging global OFDS industry.
（来源：RCR期刊 ）